Plato :: essays research papers

Plato was a Greek philosopher during the 4th century BCE. He was born in 427BCE, during the Golden Age of capital of Greece. His birth was three age after the Peloponnesian War began and one year after Pericles died from the plague. Plato was the son of Ariston, a descending(prenominal) from the last king of capital of Greece and Perictone, a descendant of Solon. Solon was an disconsolate reformer who wrote the constitution that established Athenian democracy. Platos family back up Pericles as leader of Athens.Elected annually as the first citizen of aristocracy , Pericles control from 450 BCE until his devastation in 429 BCE. At the start of the 5th century BCE Athens had become a corrupt democracy. The Aristocratic families who owned the land were fighting the larger majority who were poor. The latter demanded for equal rights and representation. Pericles dominated Greek governance and expanded the Athenian Empire. He assisted in developing building projects that gave job s to the poor, these building projects included the chief temple to Athena, the Goddess of wisdom. He also supported the strengthening of a political doctrine that was for egalitarianism, equal rights of speech, political comparability and material prosperity in trading and industry. The Peloponnesian War pit the Athenian democracy against the militaristic, authoritarian Spartans. In 404BCE after many years at war, the Athenian government surrendered. The regularization of the thirty, a oligarchy of ancient Athens created by Lysander under Spartan auspices, took over the government. The aristocratic leaders conducted a vicious reign of terror. Among these leaders were Charmides (Platos uncle) and Critias (Platos cousin). The Rule of the thirty was overthrown at Piraeus (now Piraivs) by Thrasybulus in 403BCE. After democracy was being restored and the rule of the thirty brought to an end, the Philosopher Socrates was charged with crimes against the government. His charges included impiety which is speaking against the gods, Athens matt-up that Socrates was starting a strange cult. He was also charged with misdirect the youth, Socrates was trying to teach morality and ethics to the youth of Athens for he felt that Athenians lost their ethics in the war, but the government interpret his teaching differently. The Council of 500 served as Socrates judge and as his jury. Two ascorbic acid and eighty-one members of the council voted to convict. They give Socrates a choice between exile and death. Socrates decides death by poison. Socrates read his Apology at his trial which was his defense.