Martin’s Luther King Jr. Strugle for Racial Segregation and Civil Rights Essay

Martin Luther super agent junior was one of the most primal figures within the fields of politics and non-violent activism of the 20th century. female monarch was born on 15th of January 1929 in the city of Atlanta within the boundaries of the state of Georgia. to begin with Martin Luther exponent Jr. as named aft(prenominal) his experience as Michael baron, although his father who was also named after Michael fag after visiting the Nazi Germany in order to attend the Fifth Baptist World Alliance Congress in Berlin he found himself been inspired by a German crusader c anyed Martin Luther, so he decided to change both his name and his sons name into Martin Luther King and Martin Luther King Jr. respectively.King was the midpoint child of the family having a younger brother Alfred Daniel Williams King and an older baby Willie Christine King. As a reference to his education he attended booker T. Washington High school, also it is declared that he was a advanced student as h e skipped two grades the ninth and the twelfth and entered Morehouse College at the early age of fifteen. He gradational College in 1948 and enrol take in Crozer theological Seminary in Chester which he graduated with a B. Div. point in 1951. retardation in 1953 he married Correta Scott and eventually became a father of intravenous feeding children Yolanda King, Martin Luther King III, Dexter Scott King, and Bernice King. Thereupon he became a pastor of the Dexter path Baptist Church in Montgomery in 1954 he began his doctoral degree course in Systematic Theology at Boston University and graduated receiving his Ph. D. degree in 1955 with a dissertation on A parity of the Conceptions of God in the Thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Nelson Wieman.Although an academic ceremony which was held in 1991 concluded that parts of his dissertation were plagiarized but the direction decided that his degree shouldnt be revoked. As a remark Martin Luther King Jr. was strongly influenced by religion (as it was natural, as been a Christian Minister since 1947) more specifically he was influenced by messiah Christ and the Christian Gospels from which he frequently used quotes in his public speeches, he was also inspired from Mahatma Gandhis non-violent activist action.In April of 1959 he made a desired for him as it was stated blow up to India with the assistance of the American Friends Service Committee, it has to be mentioned that the trip affected King in a profound way and helped him deepen his knowledge and understand in non-violent shield and his commitment to the Americas struggle for genteel rights, as he stated the last day of his trip to India in a local anesthetic radio, King said Since being in India, I am more convinced than ever before that the method of non-violent resistance is the most potent weapon available to oppressed population in their struggle for justice and human dignity.The Fight Against Segregation It all started back in 1955 in Montgom ery, Alabama, Claudette Colvin an African- American girl which in item was under aged unmarried pregnant girl refused to give up her seat to a white man. At that point King was a member of the Birmingham African-American community and also a member of the commission which looked into the slick but it was decided that they should wait for a better case to pursue. Their patience yielded.On December 1, 1955 an other African-American girl called genus Rosa Sparks also refused to give up her seat, back on that date the buses rows were scattered, white people should seat on the front rows and the African-American people should seat on the back rows of the busses seats, as natural at nearly point the two different categories of passengers would meet. At that point the buss seats were all occupied and according to Jim Crow laws the following African-American passengers that would board on the bus were required to stand.It was exactly what they were waiting for, and briefly after Rosa was stop overed the Montgomery bus topology Boycott broke out, it lasted 385 days. The integral Boycott issue off out as a Brobdingnagian victory, although during the commove a bombing attack was made against Kings house and he was also ar detained. As a result the unite States District Court in Browder v. Gayle case ended the racial requisition in all Montgomery public busses. After the Montgomery Bus Boycott Kings contribution to the result transformed him into a national figure and he was also off the record declare the best-known spokesman of the genteel-rights heading.The Southern Christian Leadership meeting (SCLC) Soon after the Montgomery lowdown King, Ralph Abernathy, and other civil rights activists founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). The group was created in order to saddle the moral authority and organizing power of black churches to conduct non-violent protests in the service of civil rights reform, King led the SCLC until his death. In 1962 SCLC joins Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in the capital of untested York Movement which was stated to be the first major non-violent campaign of SCLC.The capital of New York movement was a desegregation movement which was formed by local activist organizations, the SNCC and the National Association for the Advanced of Colored People (NAACP). The movements leader was William G. Anderson. During the period of Kings involvement with the capital of New York movement he was arrested twice, once in a mass arrest on 15th December of 1961 and in July of 1962. Although it has to be mentioned that King had been criticized by SNCC, theyve even given him a snide nickname De Lawd, because as they claimed he maintained a safe distance from challenges that had to deal with Jim Crow laws.Birmingham take to the woods Soon after the incidents in Albany the Birmingham campaign came to light. Birmingham campaign was a movement organized by SCLC and led by Martin Luther King Jr. and others. In the spring of 1963 the operation of the Birmingham campaign was at its peak, including widely publicized controversies between black young people and white civic authorities and eventually led the municipal government to change the citys discrimination laws. A fact that cant remain unnoticed as during the early 60s Birmingham was one of the most racially divided cities in the get together States.Ultimately Birmingham movement was defined as a stick of direct action protest, as it effectively shut down the city through a boycott and a series of sit-ins and actiones, and drew the fields attention to racial segregation in the South. Also it is stated that it paved the way for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Great March on Washington After the Birmingham campaign the SCLC called for massive protests in Washington DC to push for new civil rights legislation that would outlaw segregation nation-wide which turned to be an unparalleled success.The Great march on W ashington claimed the designation of one of the largest political rallies for human rights in the linked States history, as the estimated number of participants varies from 200,000 to 300,000 and still remained non-violent, the 80% of the participants were estimated to be black and the rest were white and other non-black minorities. Also the city was swarmed by more than 2,000 buses, 21 special trains, 10 chartered aircrafts and uncountable personal vehicles. But the march was stigmatized by the Kings famous I have a trance speech.King began his speech with the emancipation of the slaves, issued by Abraham Lincoln and concludes that even though blacks were freed from slavery they still arent free. Then he raised the national of the unkept promise of America to the Civil Rights Union for the continued pas measure of justice as racial segregation still existed. Finally he promotes black people to keep on fighting for their rights in non-violent shipway as he believed that violen ce would lead to a cycle of fighting, excess death and cruelty.The Poor Peoples shake and the opposition to the Vietnam fight In 1965 Martin Luther King Jr. egan to express his doubts about the Vietnam War in public. On 4th April 1967 he delivered a speech at the New York City Riverside Church titled Beyond Vietnam A time to break silence. In which he expressed his objection to the role of the United States in the Vietnam War, mentioning that United States was in Vietnam to occupy it as an American addiction and called the US government the heavy(p)est purveyor of violence in the world today. He also connected the Vietnam War with economic injustice based on the fact that the US government was spending more and more on the military and less and less on anti-poverty programs.He summed up this verbalism by saying A nation that continues grade after year to spend more money on military defense than on programs of social uplift is approaching spiritual death. Almost a year late r in 1968 King organized the Poor Peoples Campaign in order to raise the matter of economic injustice King crossed the whole country in order to assemble a multiracial army of poor people in order to march on Washington DC and engage in a non-violent civil disobedience at the Capitol until Congress created an economic bill of rights for poor Americans.The campaign culminated in a march on Washington, D. C. , demanding economic aid to the poorest communities of the United States. The reconnaissance King was awarded at least fifty honorary degrees from colleges and universities. On October 14, 1964, King became the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, which was awarded to him for leading non-violent resistance to racial injustice in the U. S. In 1965, he was awarded the American Liberties Medallion by the American Jewish Committee for his exceptional packaging of the principles of human liberty.In his acceptance remarks, King said, liberty is one thing. You have it all or y ou are not free. In 1957, he was awarded the Spingarn Medal from the NAACP. Two age later, he won the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for his book Stride Toward Freedom The Montgomery Story. In 1966, the Planned Parenthood Federation of America awarded King the Margaret Sanger Award for his courageous resistance to bigotry and his lifelong dedication to the advancement of social justice and human dignity. Also in 1966, King was elected as a fellow of the American Academy of humanistic discipline and Sciences.He was posthumously awarded a Grammy Award for Best Spoken develop Album for his Why I Oppose the War in Vietnam in 1971. In 1977, the Presidential Medal of Freedom was posthumously awarded to King by President Jimmy Carter, who stated Martin Luther King, Jr. , was the conscience of his generation. He gazed upon the great wall of segregation and saw that the power of love could bring it down. From the spite and exhaustion of his fight to fulfill the promises of our founding fathe rs for our humblest citizens, he wrung his eloquent story of his ambition for America.He made our nation stronger because he made it better. His dream sustains us yet. More than 730 cities in the United States have streets named after King. King County, Washington rededicated its name in his honor in 1986, and changed its logo to an see to it of his face in 2007. The city government center in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, is named in honor of King. King is remembered as a martyr by the episcopal Church in the United States of America (feast day April 4) and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (feast day January 15).